التيار الشعبوي في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية، اليمين البديل أنموذجاً

المصادر العربية:

هواردزن. (2005). التاريخ الشعبي للولايات المتحدة (من 1492) (ش. مكاوي (مترجم.)).

المصادر الأجنبية:

Alabama Audiovisual Collection. (2022). Inaugural address of Governor George Wallace in 1963. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ox8Y1WyaD_s.

Anti-Defamation League. (2020, June 18). Alt Right: A Primer on the New White Supremacy.

Arnsdorf, I. (2024, April 4). How Steve Bannon guided the MAGA movement’s rebound from Jan. 6. The Washington Post.

Aubin, C. St., & Stocking, G. (2024, January 24). Key facts about Gab. Pew Research Center.

Barrouquere, B. (2018, September 24). Days after guilty plea, Matthew Heimbach re-emerges in new alliance with National Socialist Movement. Southern Poverty Law Center.

Blitzer, J. (2020, February 21). How Stephen Miller Manipulates Donald Trump to Further His Immigration Obsession. New York Times.

Bowles, N. (2019, May 17). ‘Replacement Theory,’ a Racist, Sexist Doctrine, Spreads in Far-Right Circles. The New York Times.

Bristow, K. (n.d.). Alt – Right. Southern Poverty Law Center.

C-REX – Center for Research on Extremism. (2021, January 14). The 2021 far right storming of the United States Capitol.

Counter Extremist Project. (n.d.). Rise Above Movement. https://www.counterextremism.com/supremacy/rise-above-movement.

Cox, J. W. (2016, November 22). ‘Let’s party like it’s 1933’: Inside the alt-right world of Richard Spencer. The Washington Post.

Dickinson, T. (2023, August 8). These Nazis Want to Turn New England In to a White Ethnostate. Rolling Stone Magazine.

Drehle, D. Von. (2017, February 2). Is Steve Bannon the Second Most Powerful Man in the World? The Time.

Dupuy, B. (2017, December 15). White Man Behind School Shooting Was Obsessed With Trump and Hitler. Newsweek.

Elliott, P., & Miller, Z. J. (2016, October 17). Inside Donald Trump’s Chaotic Transition. Time Magazine.

Feller, D. (2008). King Andrew and the Bank. National Endowment for the Humanities, 29.

Feller, D. (2009). Andrew Jackson and his world. The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History, 22.

Fox, M. (2021, January 16). HHS Chief Alex Azar Continues Pandering to Right Wing Organizations with Stop At ALEC. CNN. https://equityfwd.org/hhs-chief-alex-azar-continues-pandering-right-wing-organizations-stop-alec.

Frank, A. (2017, February 10). For Honor’s accidental alt-right connection. Polygon Magazine.

Garraty, J. A. (1820, October 28). His stamp on the Presidency. The New York Times.

Goldhill, O., & Goldhill, O. (2022, July 21). The philosopher known as “Putin’s brain” is a big fan of Trump. Quartz Magazine.

Harkinsn, J. (2017, October 27). Meet the White Nationalist Trying to Ride the Trump Train to Lasting Power. Mother Jones Magazine.

Harriet, A. (2016, November 14). Steve Bannon: Who is Donald Trump’s chief strategist and why is he so feared? The Telegraph.

Hawley, G. (2017). Making Sense of the Alt-Right. Columbia University Press.

Hayden, M. E. (2018, January 4). White Supremacist Accused of Amtrak Terror Attack Also Attended Alt-Right Event in Charlottesville, FBI Says. Newsweek.

Hayden, M. E. (2020, October 21). Trump official brought hate connections to the White House. South Poverty Law Center.

Israel, J. (2024, November 15). Donald Trump names extremists to key administration roles. Pennsylvania Independent.

Johnson, G. (2014, November 25). No Title. Southern Poverty Law Center.

Kaplan, S. (2015, June 18). For Charleston’s Emanuel AME Church, shooting is another painful chapter in rich history. The Washington Post.

Kogen, S. (2016, September 23). The alt-right spews hatred of Jews. The alt-left: hatred of Israel. American Jewish Committee.

Lachman, G. (2018). Dark Star Rising: Magick and Power in the Age of Trump.

Lavin, T. (2018, January 7). The Neo-Nazis of the Daily Stormer Wander the Digital Wilderness. The New Yorker.

Main, T. (201 C.E.). The Emergence of the Alt-Right. Brookings Institute.

Makoch, B. (2025, August 14). How Pete Hegseth’s zeal to bring religiosity to the Pentagon is dividing the military. The Guardian.

Martin, N. R. (2028, October 19). Proud Boys founder Gavin McInnes has been using the same anti-gay slur hurled in the NYC attack for at least 15 years. Southern Poverty Law Center.

Mazelis, F. (2016). Trump packs his transition team with ultra-rightists and family members. In World Socialist Web Site.

McManus, A., & Herman, D. (2025, May 19). All the President’s Extremists: How the Trump Administration’s National Security Nominees Threaten Americans’ Safety. Center for American Progress.

Mudde, C. (2018, August 17). Why is the far right dominated by men? The Guardian.

Murphy, H. (2019, September 12). El Paso Shooting Suspect Indicted on Capital Murder Charge. The New York Times.

National Public Radio (NPR). (2025). Tom Dreisbach, Multiple Trump White House officials have ties to antisemitic extremists.

Neiwert, D. (2017). Alt – Right, The rise of the radical Right in the age of Trump.

Office of Public Affairs. (2025). Three White Supremacists Sentenced to Prison for Racketeering Conspiracy; Two to Serve Life In Prison for Murder. In U. S. Department of Justice.

Ohlieser, A. (2019, April 12). Anti – Semitic Trump supporters made against list of people to target with a racist meme. Washington Post.

Oppenheim, M. (2017, January 23). Alt-right leader Richard Spencer worries getting punched will become “meme to end all memes.” The Independent.

Posner, S. (2017, August 10). Why is Sebastian Gorka still in the White House? Washington Post.

Redazione. (2018, October 14). The movement: How Steve Bannon is spreading populist Trump-style politics across Europe. Babilion Magazine.

Ridgeway, J. (2008, October 28). Fourteen Words that spell racism. The Guardian.

Rieger, D., & Others. (2021). Assessing the Extent and Types of Hate Speech in Fringe Communities: A Case Study of Alt-Right Communities on 8chan, 4chan, and Reddit. Sage Journal.

Rosenberg, M., Haberman, M., & Flynn, M. (2016, November 17). Anti-Islamist Ex-General, Offered Security Post, Trump Aide Says. New York Times.

Scher, B., & Vance, J. D. (2025, March 21). Is the Most Disliked New Vice President in History. Washington Monthly.

Sedgwick, M. (2019). Key thinkers of the radical right behind the new threat to liberal democracy. Oxford University Press.

Shierholz, H., & Others. (2019). Why Eugene Scalia is the wrong person for the job. In Economic Policy Institute.

Sommerlad, J. (2025, July 24). Whites-only community plotting expansion to another state as its efforts to build a ‘white nation’ continue. The Independent.

Southern Poverty Law Center. (n.d.). Rise Above Movement.

Stone, G. R. (2017, October 20). Richard Spencer’s Right to Speak at Auburn. The New York Times.

Strauss, E. (2017, January 19). The JCC Bomb Threats Confirm That Jewish Parents Are Right to Be Afraid. Slate Magazine.

The American Presidency Project. (n.d.). Populist Party Platform of 1892. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/populist-party-platform-1892.

The Associated Press. (2024, November 27). White supremacist prison gang leader accused of attacking two Sacramento prison officers. The Associated Press.

The Mercury News. (2016). Richard Spencer’s Right to Speak at Auburn.

The Official website of Breibart. (n.d.). https://www.breitbart.com.

Thrush, G., & Haberman, M. (2017, August 15). Trump Gives White Supremacists an Unequivocal Boost. The New York Times.

ToI Staff. (2017, August 17). White nationalist Richard Spencer tells Israelis that Jews are ‘over-represented.’ The Times of Israel.

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Wallace, G. (1998, September 14). Segregation Symbol, Dies at 79. The New York Times.

Wendling, M. (2018). Alt-Right: From 4chan to the White House.

Williamson, E. (2021, September 5). How a Small Town Silenced a Neo-Nazi Hate Campaign. The New York Times.

Wines, M., & Saul, S. (2015, July 5). White Supremacists Extend Their Reach Through Websites. The New York Times.

Wood, G. (2017, June). Richard Spencer is a troll and an icon for white supremacists. He was also my high-school classmate. The Atlantic Magazine.

Zapotosky, M., Barrett, D., & Berman, M. (2018, October 31). Suspect in Pittsburgh synagogue shooting is charged in 44-count hate-crime indictment. The Washington Post.

ترجمة المصادر العربية:

Howardzen. (2005). The Popular History of the United States (from 1492) (Sh. Makkawi (transl.)).